Are Garter Snakes Good Pets? Pros, Cons & How to Care for Them

When people think of pet reptiles, ball pythons or leopard geckos often come to mind. However, garter snakes—a common wild species in North America—are increasingly considered by reptile enthusiasts as potential pets. Known for their striking stripes, manageable size, and generally docile nature, garter snakes may seem like an excellent choice for beginners. But are garter snakes truly good pets, and what does it take to care for them properly?

The answer depends on understanding both the benefits and challenges of owning them as pets. Unlike many reptiles, garter snakes are active during the day, tolerate handling relatively well, and rarely grow longer than 3–4 feet. However, they also have specialized dietary needs, require proper environmental control, and are not as “hands-off” as some other reptiles.

To help you make an informed decision, this guide explores the pros, cons, and essential care requirements of garter snakes. We will also highlight expert insights from herpetologists and veterinarians, so you know exactly what to expect before bringing one home.

Pros of Keeping a Garter Snake as a Pet

Manageable Size

Most garter snakes grow between 18–42 inches, making them significantly smaller than boas or pythons. Their size allows them to live comfortably in modest enclosures without requiring excessive space.

Active and Engaging Behavior

Unlike nocturnal snakes, garter snakes are diurnal (active during the day). Owners often enjoy watching them explore, bask, and swim. This makes them more visually engaging than some species that spend most of their time hiding.

Relatively Docile Nature

Garter snakes are usually non-aggressive and less likely to bite compared to many other snake species. While they may release a musky odor when threatened, with regular gentle handling, they can become accustomed to human interaction.

Wide Availability

Since garter snakes are native to much of North America, they are widely available through breeders. Captive-bred garter snakes are healthier, free from parasites, and adapt better to life in an enclosure than wild-caught specimens.

Cons of Keeping a Garter Snake

Specialized Diet

Unlike many pet snakes that thrive on frozen mice, garter snakes often require a more varied diet, including fish, earthworms, and amphibians. According to VCA Animal Hospitals, improper diet is a common cause of malnutrition in pet reptiles (source). Transitioning them to rodents can be challenging for some individuals.

Shorter Lifespan than Other Snakes

While some snakes live 20+ years, garter snakes typically live 6–10 years in captivity with proper care. This is shorter than species like corn snakes or ball pythons, which can live up to 20 years.

Frequent Cleaning Needs

Because garter snakes eat more frequently than larger snakes, they also defecate more often. This means their enclosure requires more frequent cleaning to maintain hygiene.

Potential Health Issues

Improper care can lead to health concerns such as respiratory infections, parasites, and scale rot. Access to an exotic vet familiar with reptiles is crucial for long-term health.

Essential Garter Snake Care Guide

Enclosure Setup

• Tank Size: A 20-gallon enclosure is suitable for a juvenile, while adults thrive in 30–40 gallons.
• Substrate: Aspen shavings, newspaper, or reptile-safe mulch. Avoid cedar or pine, which release harmful oils.
• Temperature & Lighting: Maintain a gradient of 75–85°F with a basking spot of 90°F. UVB lighting is recommended to mimic natural sunlight.
• Hiding & Enrichment: Provide at least two hides, branches, and a shallow water dish for swimming.

Diet and Feeding

• Primary Foods: Earthworms, feeder fish (avoid goldfish due to thiaminase content), and amphibians.
• Rodent Training: Some garter snakes can be transitioned to frozen-thawed pinky mice for a more convenient diet.
• Frequency: Juveniles should be fed every 3–4 days; adults every 5–7 days.

Handling and Behavior

Garter snakes are generally tolerant of handling but should not be over-handled, especially after feeding. Always wash your hands before and after handling to reduce stress and prevent zoonotic risks like Salmonella.

Expert Insights

Dr. Karen Rosenthal, DVM and reptile medicine specialist, notes in an exotic animal care review published in The Veterinary Clinics of North America that “garter snakes, when captive-bred and provided with varied diets, adapt well to life in enclosures and display fewer stress-related behaviors than many colubrid species.”

Similarly, herpetologist Dr. Mark O’Shea emphasizes that garter snakes are “among the most forgiving snakes for first-time keepers,” provided they are not wild-caught, as those may carry parasites and adjust poorly to captivity.

Find Care & Health Tips

For readers interested in broader reptile health practices, check out:

• Best Pets for Beginners: Low-Maintenance Companions
• Exotic Pet Health: Signs of Illness Every Owner Should Know

Are Garter Snakes Good Pets? (Final Verdict)

Garter snakes can make rewarding pets for beginner and intermediate reptile enthusiasts, provided owners are prepared for their special dietary needs, frequent cleaning, and relatively short lifespan. They are engaging, manageable in size, and generally docile—making them one of the more approachable snake species for those new to reptile care.

However, success with garter snakes hinges on responsible ownership: choosing a captive-bred snake, ensuring a varied diet, and maintaining proper husbandry and veterinary care.

FAQs About Garter Snakes as Pets